视黄酸在认知障碍类疾病中的研究进展

doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2026.05.0717

基础医学与临床 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 717-720.doi: 10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2026.05.0717

视黄酸在认知障碍类疾病中的研究进展

张腾宇, 吴婷, 吴祥^*

宁波大学附属第一医院麻醉科,浙江宁波 315000

收稿日期:2025-05-09 修回日期:2025-07-14 出版日期:2026-05-05 发布日期:2026-04-28
通讯作者: ^*fywuxiang2@nbu.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省医药卫生科技计划(2024KY1497)

Research progress in retinoic acid in cognitive impairment disorders

ZHANG Tengyu, WU Ting, WU Xiang^*

Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China

Received:2025-05-09 Revised:2025-07-14 Online:2026-05-05 Published:2026-04-28
Contact: ^*fywuxiang2@nbu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 视黄酸(RA)作为维生素A的主要活性代谢产物,参与调控神经发生、突触可塑性和抗炎性反应等过程。视黄酸信号通路的失调与阿尔兹海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆等多种认知障碍疾病的发病机制密切相关。视黄酸可通过调节视黄酸受体、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、NF-κB等信号分子与通路,通过影响突触可塑性的精细调节、抑制炎性反应和氧化应激,维持神经系统的内环境稳态,从而延缓认知衰退的进程。

关键词: 视黄酸, 认知障碍, 神经炎性反应, 突触蛋白

Abstract: Retinoic acid (RA), as the principal active metabolite of vitamin A, plays a critical role in regulating neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and anti-inflammatory responses. Maladjustment of acid signaling pathways is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various cognitive disorders, including Alzheimer′s disease(AD) and vascular dementia. RA modulates signaling molecules and pathways such as retinoic acid receptors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and NF-κB, thereby optimizing synaptic plasticity,suppressing inflammatory responses, and reducing oxidative stress. These mechanisms collectively contribute to maintaining homeostasis within the nervous system and delaying the progression of cognitive decline.

Key words: retinoic acid, cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammatory response, synapsin

中图分类号:

R749

张腾宇, 吴婷, 吴祥. 视黄酸在认知障碍类疾病中的研究进展[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2026, 46(5): 717-720.

ZHANG Tengyu, WU Ting, WU Xiang. Research progress in retinoic acid in cognitive impairment disorders[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2026, 46(5): 717-720.

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视黄酸在认知障碍类疾病中的研究进展

Research progress in retinoic acid in cognitive impairment disorders

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