肌酸联合运动调节肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬

doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2026.11.1513

基础医学与临床 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1513-1518.doi: 10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2026.11.1513

肌酸联合运动调节肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬

毛菊丹·阿扎提^1*, 加娜尔·莫勒达别克¹, 白瑞¹, 麦尔当·艾力木²

新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院 1.健康管理中心;2.医务部,新疆乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2025-07-01 修回日期:2026-01-12 出版日期:2026-11-05 发布日期:2026-10-26
通讯作者: ^*mang599@sina.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院院级课题(20210122)

Creatine combined with exercise regulates skeletal muscle atrophy and mitophagy in rat models of sarcopenia

Maojudan·AZATI^1*, Jianaer·MOLEDABIEKE¹, BAI Rui¹, Maierdang·AILIMU²

1. Health Management Center; 2. Medical Department, People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2025-07-01 Revised:2026-01-12 Online:2026-11-05 Published:2026-10-26
Contact: ^*mang599@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨肌酸联合运动对肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬的调控作用。方法将30只大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、肌酸组、运动组及肌酸＋运动组,每组6只;除对照组外,其余4组均采用双侧卵巢切除联合地塞米松建立肌少症模型。肌酸组灌胃给予无水肌酸溶液0.3 g/(kg·d),连续5周;运动组训练5周,3次/周;肌酸＋运动组同步进行肌酸灌胃和训练。检测肌少症指数(SI;骨骼肌湿质量/体质量)、HE染色观察腓肠肌组织病理学变化,透射电镜法检测线粒体超微结构,Western blot检测磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/AKT/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)通路相关蛋白和自噬相关蛋白12(ATG12)、Beclin1、Unc-51样自噬激活激酶1(ULK1)的蛋白表达。结果与对照组比,模型组SI值降低(P＜0.05),肌纤维横截面积减少(1 244 μm² vs. 2 156 μm²,P＜0.05),细胞核中心化比例升高(28.67% vs. 12.43%,P＜0.05),AKT表达下调、ATG12表达上调(P＜0.05)。与模型组比,肌酸组、运动组及肌酸+运动组SI值、肌纤维横截面积均显著增加(P＜0.05),细胞核中心化比例降低(P＜0.05)。肌酸+运动组的SI值和肌纤维横截面积显著高于肌酸组和运动组(P＜0.05)。肌酸+运动组的ATG12表达量较肌酸组和运动组均显著下调(P＜0.05)。结论肌酸联合运动通过协同上调SI值、改善肌纤维结构,并调控AKT、ATG12、Beclin1及ULK1表达,从而改善肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬失衡。

关键词: 骨骼肌萎缩, 肌酸, 运动, 自噬

Abstract: Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of creatine supplementation combined with exercise on skeletal muscle atrophy and mitophagy in a rat model of sarcopenia. Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into the control, model, creatine administration, exercise, and creatine plus exercise groups (n=6 per group). Except for the control group, all groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy combined with dexamethasone administration to establish a sarcopenia model. The creatine group received anhydrous creatine solution of 0.3 g/(kg·d) for 5 weeks; The exercise group underwent training for 5 weeks (3 sessions/week); And the creatine plus exercise group received both interventions. Parameters included the sarcopenia index (SI; wet skeletal muscle weight-to-bodyweight ratio), and protein expression was determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the model group exhibited a reduced SI value (P＜0.05), decreased cross-sectional area of muscle fibers (1 244 μm² vs. 2 156 μm², P＜0.05) and an increased proportion of centralized nuclei (28.67% vs. 12.43%, P＜0.05), down-regulated protein kinase B(AKT) expression, and up-regulated autophage related 12 gene(ATG12) expression (all P＜0.05).Compared to model group, the creatine, exercise group and creatine + exercise groups all demonstrated significant increases in SI values and muscle fiber cross-sectional areas (all P＜0.05) and centralized nuclei proportion (all P＜0.05). The creatine plus exercise group showed significantly higher SI values and cross-sectional areas of muscle fiber than either the creatine or exercise group alone (all P＜0.05). Moreover, ATG12 expression in the creatine plus exercise group was significantly down-regulated as compared to both the creatine and exercise groups (all P＜0.05). Conclusions Creatine supplementation combined with exercise alleviates skeletal muscle atrophy and mitigates mitophagy imbalance in a rat model of sarcopenia by synergistically up regulating the SI value, improving muscle fiber morphology, and modulating the expression of AKT, ATG12, Beclin1, and ULK1.

Key words: skeletal muscle atrophy, creatine, exercise, autophagy

中图分类号:

R685

毛菊丹·阿扎提, 加娜尔·莫勒达别克, 白瑞, 麦尔当·艾力木. 肌酸联合运动调节肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2026, 46(11): 1513-1518.

Maojudan·AZATI, Jianaer·MOLEDABIEKE, BAI Rui, Maierdang·AILIMU. Creatine combined with exercise regulates skeletal muscle atrophy and mitophagy in rat models of sarcopenia[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2026, 46(11): 1513-1518.

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肌酸联合运动调节肌少症模型大鼠骨骼肌萎缩及线粒体自噬

Creatine combined with exercise regulates skeletal muscle atrophy and mitophagy in rat models of sarcopenia

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