Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important complications of diabetes. The exactly molecular mechanism underlines that the abnormality in glucose metabolism leads to renal damages is still not completely revealed. However, it has been noticed that the renal vascular endothelial dysfunction is involved in the incidence and plays an important role in development of diabetic nephropathy. Angiotensin II (Ang II), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), reactive oxygen species (ROS), advanced glycocylation end products (AGEs) are all demonstrated contribute to hyperglycemia induced renal endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we summarized the recent evidences in hyperglycemia induced renal vascular endothelial dysfunction, and development of diabetic nephropathy.

Key words: Endothelium, Vascular endothelial dysfunction, Diabetes, Nephropathy